What is the difference between hot-rolled I-beams and cold-rolled I-beams?

I-beams can be divided into hot-rolled I-beams and cold-rolled I-beams. Now with the advancement of production technology, the processing technology of I-beam is also increasing, and the I-beam that can be used today is also divided into cold-rolled and hot-rolled. So, what is the difference between the steel produced by these two processes?

1. The free torsional stiffness of hot-rolled section steel is higher than that of cold-rolled section steel, so the torsion resistance of hot-rolled section steel is better than that of cold-rolled section steel.
2. The cold-rolled formed steel allows local buckling of the section, so that the bearing capacity of the bar after buckling can be fully utilized; while the hot-rolled steel does not allow local buckling of the section.
3. The hot-rolled I-beams and cold-rolled I-beams have different causes of residual stress, so the distribution on the cross-section is also very different. The residual stress distribution on the section of cold-formed thin-walled steel is curved, while the residual stress distribution on the section of hot-rolled or welded steel is thin-film.